Franz Kafka was born on 3 July 1883 as the eldest of six children of a German-Jewish dry goods merchant in Prague. In the fall In 1889 he attended the German school for boys. Even then showed his anxiety and seriousness, which emerged from the parents' education, if you could talk of education, as Kafka under the care of the chef, later grew up a nanny and a governess. His parents looked more Kafka rarely and thus the education was limited to instructions at the table. The orders of his father remained for Kafka incomprehensible and he was always insecure in everything he did. From 1893 - 1901 he attended the old Austrian grammar school in Prague's Old Town. His school performance was above average. His unusual lack of curiosity is a testament to the delicate retreat for the environment. His classmates always spoke of a glass wall that separated him from the world. During this period (1897 - 98) Kafka began to write. Due to its isolation and ideological problems, the letter became for him an ever more important. After his graduation (1901), he wanted to study philosophy, but his father opposed. From 1901 - 1906 he studied, after frequent change of study at the German University in Prague at the request of the father's law. With the law school seemed to blame removed to the home. After his graduation, on 18 June 1906 Dr. jur. He initially joined as an insurance clerk in the "Assicurazioni Generali (1907) a. His career choice was relatively indifferent to him, but he wanted to secure the independence of the parental home, far away of being at home and in spite of the profession have enough time to write. In 1908 he moved to the semi-state Workers' Accident Insurance GE Company in Prague and became a substitute for the official Kingdom of Bohemia. It proves to be able official. Kafka rises from the Assistant to senior secretary, and later dismissed early. He is suffering from the occupation, since it consumes the power to write. During this time he became friends with the very successful author Max Brod, who admired him. He is the only closer friend of the cultural life of Prague, while he used the local poet circle only loose contacts. He took pleasure trips to other young people: to Helgoland, Paris, Berlin, Venice, Verona, Lübeck and Vienna.
early May 1912 he met Felice Bauer from Berlin (geb.1887) know. A few weeks later, he already asked in a letter to her father for the engagement. Impatiently he waited for a response and wrote while a new letter to her father, whom he sent but never. In this letter he writes that his daughter will not be happy with him, since for him the literature is everything. Also a marriage would not change that. While writing this letter, there is the positive response. In September there is the first breach between the two. Kafka leaves alone on the road. After his return, he resumes contact with Felice on, in November he visited it as well. The writer Ernst Weiss and a friend of Felice, Grete Bloch, mediate between the two. On 1 June 1914, it is in Berlin for the official engagement. Through this engagement, Kafka feels bound like a criminal and sees his work threatened by the marriage. On 12 Kafka in Berlin in July 1914 replaced the engagement.
with Grete Bloch created a detailed exchange of letters, and also an intimate relationship. Kafka never knew that Grete Bloch was pregnant by him and that his son was born in 1915, but died after seven years. She concealed his paternity of guilt feelings about Felice. They also knew that in a Kafka Marriage no children wanted. In January 1915 he met the first time together with Felice. Before the war he wants to re-engaged to her. Beginning of July there is the second engagement. But this time it does not work. In the summer of 1917, Kafka is lung disease. His illness was a release from all obligations to him. End of December 1917 to separate the two definitively. It is said that his illness was only a pretext for the solution of Felice. During this period he wrote the tales: The verdict (born: Sept. 1912), The Metamorphosis (Nov. / Dec 1912.), In the Penal Colony (Oct. 1914), The Missing (1912 and 1914) and The Trial (1914 ).
beginning in July 1923 to learn Kafka, During a visit to a holiday camp, the 25 year old East European Jewish cook about Dora Diamant in Muritz. She worked there as one of the assistants - a naive, helpful girl. Kafka finds himself drawn to her. He leaves Prague one year before his death, to spend his last months with her. 1923/24 Kafka lived with her in Berlin.
He died on 3 June 1924 of throat tuberculosis sanatorium in Kierling at Klosterneuburg.
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